This document presents a comparative analysis of the factors influencing youth political participation in Cartagena, Manizales, and Quibdo. It explores how socioeconomic conditions—such as poverty, unemployment, insecurity, and mental health—limit young people's ability to exercise their citizenship. The study also examines the existence and effectiveness of institutional mechanisms for participation, the fragmentation and inconsistency of policies and programs, and the tension between the symbolic recognition of youth and the insufficient institutional support they receive. The findings are based on 50 interviews, focus groups, and social mapping conducted with institutional representatives and youth participants. The study reveals that, despite advancements in regulations, structural barriers continue to diminish youth participation, often relegating it to symbolic spaces that have little real impact.